• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox (6). The method comprises the following steps of: a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) in the first planetary gear (24) and engage at least two of the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) to each other by means of a first coupling element (38), b) generate torque balance between gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) and disengage the gearbox (6) from the propeller shaft (10) by means of a third coupling element (80), c) decelerate the input shaft (18) and the torque transmitting elements (20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78) connected to the input shaft (18) to a standstill condition, d) shift at least one gear in the gearbox (6), and e) engage the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80). The invention also relates to a gearbox (6), which is controlled by means of such a method and a vehicle (1), which comprises such a gearbox (6). The invention also relates to a computer program (P) and a computer program product for performing the method.(Fig. 2)
    公开号:SE1551562A1
    申请号:SE1551562
    申请日:2015-12-01
    公开日:2017-06-02
    发明作者:Selling Tomas；Norberg Peer
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART The invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox according tothe preamble of patent claim 1. The invention also relates to a gearbox accord-ing to the preamble of patent claim 15, which is controlled by means of such amethod. The invention also relates to a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 16, which comprises such a gearbox.
    Vehicles, and in particular heavy goods vehicles, e.g. trucks, are usuallyequipped with a gearbox connected to the combustion engine, which gearboxmay be automatic, manual or a combination thereof. ln an automated manualtransmission, a so-called Al/lT gearbox, the gearbox is controlled by an elec-tronic control device. Such a gearbox may be equipped with a main gearboxdevice provided with a main shaft. A lay shaft is arranged in parallel to themain shaft. The main shaft is connectible to an input shaft via the lay shaft andto an output shaft in the gearbox via a range gearbox device, if such a rangegearbox device is integrated in the gearbox. The range gearbox device mayconstitute a separate device instead of being integrated in the gearbox. Thegearbox may also be equipped with a split gear device, arranged between theinput shaft and the lay shaft. ln addition to the combustion engine, also anelectrical machine may be arranged between the combustion engine and thegearbox. The combustion engine can together with the electrical machine de-liver power to the vehicle as a hybride drive or as an alternative may one of thecombustion engine or the electrical machine deliver power to the vehicle.
    A brake mechanism may be arranged to retard the lay shaft in connection withchange of gears in the gearbox, in order to achieve synchronous rotationalspeeds between the lay shaft and the main shaft, so that the new gear may beengaged without any difference in rotation speed existing between thosetransmission parts in the gearbox which are brought to engage with each other at the moment the new gear is engaged. The brake mechanism is thus used toretard the lay shaft in relation to the main shaft at a stage during a shifting op-eration when the main gearbox is in the neutral position, while the lay shaft isdisconnected from the main shaft. ln gearboxes of this type, the synchronization devices, comprising conical syn-chronization rings and coupling rings, are replaced by coupling sleeves provid-ed with splines, which are displaced axially in order to engage with gean/vheelsplaced on the main shaft. Each gearwheel placed on the main shaft is en-gaged with corresponding gearwheel elements, which are firmly attached tothe lay shaft. On shifting, the coupling sleeve is displaced axially in order toengage with coupling teeth arranged on a selectable gearwheel, in order toconnect the gearwheel to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft. The synchro-nization device in the split gearbox device and in the range gearbox device may also be replaced by coupling sleeves.
    The range gearbox device is usually provided between the main gearbox de-vice and a propeller shaft coupled to the drive wheels of the vehicle. The rangegearbox device is accommodated in a gearbox housing and comprises an in-put shaft coupled to the main gearbox device, an output shaft and between theinput shaft and the output shaft is a planetary gear of the range gearbox devicedisposed. The planetary gear usually comprises three components, which arerotatable arranged relative to each other namely a sun gear, a planet carrierwith planet gears and a ring gear. With knowledge of the number of teeth ofthe sun gear and the ring gear the relative speed of the three components canbe determined during operation. ln a range gearbox device the sun gear canbe rotatable connected to the input shaft, a number of planet gears which en-gage said sun gear, which planet gears are rotatable mounted on the planetcarrier which is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and an axially displacea-ble ring gear which surrounds and engages the planet gears. The teeth of thesun gear, planet gears and ring gear can be helical, that is, they have an angle to a common rotation axis of the sun gear, planet carrier and ring gear.
    There are range gearboxes in which the synchronization devices are replacedwith coupling sleeves provided with splines. By controlling the transmission tosynchronous speed between the two components to be assembled an axia|displacement of the coupling sleeve along the two components is made possi-ble in order to connect them. When the components should be detached thetransmission is controlled so that torque balance occurs between the compo-nents so that the coupling sleeve is not transmitting torque. lt then becomespossible to move the coupling sleeve axially along the components in order todisengage them from each other.
    The torque balance is a condition where a torque acting on the ring gear, cor-responding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and thegear ratio of the planetary gear while a torque acts on the sun gear, corre-sponding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and (1 -thegear ratio of the planetary gear). ln the case that two of the components of theplanetary gear, sun gear, ring gear or planet carrier, are coupled together by acoupling sleeve, the coupling sleeve transmits no torque between the plane-tary gear elements when torque balance occurs. Thus, the coupling sleeve canbe easily displaced and the planetary gear components released.
    Document DE10200800165O relates to a powertrain provided with an internalcombustion engine, a main gear and an auxiliary transmission such as a rangegear provided with a planetary gear, arranged downstream to the main gear.The range gear is coupled to an electric machine, such as an electrical motoror generator, which may be used for synchronizing gears and shafts whenshifting gears.
    Document WO2012084331 relates to a transmission comprising a main gear-box and a rear mounted range gearbox connected downstream of the maingearbox and designed as a planetary gear. An electric machine is connectedto a further planetary gear downstream the main gearbox.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Despite prior art, there is a need to develop a method, which makes it possibleto shift gears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy. There isalso a need to develop a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
    The object of the invention is thus to provide a method for gear shifting in agearbox of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to shiftgears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy.
    Another object of the invention is to provide a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
    These objectives are achieved with a method, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 1.
    These objectives are also achieved with a gearbox, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 15.
    These objectives are also achieved with a vehicle, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 16.
    The method according to the invention comprises the following steps of: a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components in the firstplanetary gear and engage at least two of the planetary gear components toeach other by means of a first coupling element, b) generate torque balance between the gearbox and the propeller shaft anddisengage the gearbox from the propeller shaft by means of a third couplingelement, c) deceierate the input chatt and the torque transmitting elements connected tothe input shaft to a standstiii condition, d) shift at ieast one gear in the gearbox, and e) engage the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element.
    This means that a method for gear shifting in a gearbox is achieved, whichmakes it possible to shift gears with the use of a small amount of energy. Also,the method makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short periodof time. When the input shaft and the torque transmitting eierriente connectedto the input shaft are deceierated to a standstiii condition, the shifting ot gearsin the gearbox can be periorrried using a small amount of energy. Aiso, shiftinggears can ice rnade within a short period of time when all the rotatable compo-nents in the gearbox are in a etandetiii condition. The torque transmitting ete-rnente which are connected to the input chatt are according to an embodimentof the invention a iay ehait, a rnain shaft and gearwheeie arranged on theseshaits. Aiso, the rotatabie coniponenta in a range gearbox device are torquetransmitting eiements which are connected to the input shaft. i~iowever, thetorque transmitting eierriente which are connected to the input shaft depend onthe type of gearbox used in the powertrain.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the method in step e) comprises:accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine in order to synchro- nize the speed between an internal combustion engine and the input shaft andengaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element. When a gear has been shifted in the gearboxthe input shaft end a main shaft in the geerbex are ecceierated trem the standstiti eenditien, se that the input shaft reeches the same speed as the speed efthe internai cernbustien engine. When the input shaft has reached the samespeed as the speed et the internet eerrteustien engine, a trensmissien shetterranged between the first ptanetary gear and the internet cernhustien engineis connected te the internet eerrteustien engine. When using ene cr beth ef theeiectricat inachines in erder te synchronize the speed ei the input shaft and theinternet eembustien engine shifting gears een he made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
    According to said embodiment the method comprises the step g) controllingthe first and/or the second electrical machine to synchronize the speed be-tween the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engaging the gearbox and thepropeller shaft by means of the third coupling element. Using ene er heth efthe eteetricat rneehines and/er the internet eerrteustien engine in erder te syn»chrenize the speed between the gearbox and the prepetter shatt can be madewithin a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the method in step e)comprises: controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine to syn-chronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engagingthe gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element.When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox the torque transmitting elementsconnected to the input shaft, such as the input shaft, the tay shatt and etse themain shatt in the geerbex are acceterated frem the standstitt cenditien, se thata ptanetery carrier ef a range gearbex device in the gearbex and the propellershaft reach the same speed. When the pienetary carrier has reached the samespeed es the speed ei the propeller shaft, the gearbox and the propeller shaftere eenneeted. Using ene er tïieth et the eiectricat rnaehines in erder te syn-chrenize the speed ef geerbex and the prepetter shaft can be made within ashort period of time using a small amount of energy.
    According to said embodiment the method comprises the step g) adjusting thespeed of the first and/or the second electrical machine and/or of the internalcombustion engine in order to synchronize the speed between the internalcombustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustionengine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element.When the input shaft hae reached the earne speed as the speed et the internetcontbustien engine, a transrnieeien shaft arranged between the first piarietarygear and the internai centbustien engine ie connected to the internai cernbtie-tien engine. Using one er both ef the eiectirieai ntachines in erder te synchro-nize the speed between the input shaft and the internai combustion engine canbe made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
    According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the method in step e)comprises: accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine in orderto synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine and the in-put shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetarygear by means of the second coupling element and the gearbox and the pro-peller shaft by means of the third coupling element at essentially the sametime. This embodiment may be performed only if the internal combustion en-gine has reached a speed which corresponds to the speed of the input shaftwhen the gearbox has the same speed as the propeller shaft. Such connectionof the one hand the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and on theother hand the gearbox and the propeller shaft can be made within a short pe- riod of time using a small amount of energy.
    The invention also relates to a computer program and a computer program product for performing the method according to the invention.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Below is a description of, as examples, preferred embodiments of the inventionwith reference to the enclosed drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows schematically a vehicle in a side view, provided with a gearboxshifted by the method according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox,which is shifted by the method according to the invention, and Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox according to the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED E|/|BOD|I/IENTS OF THE IN-VENTION Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a vehicle 1, e.g. a truck, with apowertrain 2 provided with a gearbox 6 shifted by the method according to theinvention. The powertrain 2 comprises also an internal combustion engine 4,which is connected to the gearbox 6, and the gearbox 6 is further connected to driving wheels 8 of the vehicle 1 via a propeller shaft 10.
    Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of the powertrain 2 with the gear-box 6, which is shifted by the method according to the invention. The gearbox6 is provided with a split gearbox device 12, a main gearbox device 14 and arange gearbox device 16. The split gearbox device 12 comprises an inputgearwheel 30e rotatable arranged on an input shaft 18 and a split gearwheel30d rotatable arranged on a main shaft 20. The main gearbox device 14 com-prises at least a first and a second main gean/vheel 30a-30c rotatable arrangedon the main shaft 20. The range gearbox device 16 is connected to the main shaft 20 and to the propeller shaft 10. However, the split gearbox device 12can be excluded in the gearbox 6.
    The gearbox 6 is also provided with a lay shaft 22 which comprises gearwheelelements 32a-32e, which are engaged with the input gearwheel 30e and thesplit gearwheel 30d and the main gearwheels 30a-30c, respective.
    A first planetary gear 24 is connected to the input shaft 18. The first planetarygear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and afirst planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotata-ble mounted. The first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18. Thefirst sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34 may be engaged to eachother by means of a first coupling element 38. The first coupling element 38comprises preferably a first axially movable sleeve 40, which is equipped inter-nally with splines 42. The first axially movable sleeve 40 is displaced axially inorder to be brought into engagement with a transmission shaft 19 and the firstplanet carrier 34. The transmission shaft 19 is connected to the first sun gear-wheel 28.
    The axial displacement of the first axially movable sleeve 40 is provided with ashift fork 44 arranged in an outside circumferential groove 46 in the first axiallymovable sleeve 40. The shift fork 44 is influenced by a power means 48. Thepower means 48 may be a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinder.
    First and second electrical machines 50, 52 are arranged to rotate and brakethe first planetary gear 24. The first electrical machine 50 is arranged at thefirst sun gean/vheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged at thefirst ring gearwheel 26.
    The powertrain 2 may be provided with the internal combustion engine 4.However, the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be designed toprovide enough power and torque to the driving wheels 8 for propulsion of the vehicle 1. Power to the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may beprovided from an energy storage 60 such as an electrochemical energy stor-age arranged in the vehicle 1 or from an external energy storage such as wiresor other electrical conducting means (not disclosed) in the environment where the vehicle 1 is used.
    The internal combustion engine 4 may be connected to the first sun gearwheel28 of the first planetary gear 24 by means of a second coupling element 54.The second coupling element 54 comprises preferably a second axially mova-ble sleeve 56, which is equipped internally with splines 42. The second axiallymovable sleeve 56 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagementwith the transmission shaft 19 and a crank shaft 21 of the internal combustion engine 4.
    A brake mechanism 58 may be connected to the lay shaft 22 for retarding thelay shaft 22 when changing of gears in the gearbox 6.
    The electrical machines 50, 52 may generate driving torque or brake torque onthe input shaft 18. The electrical machines 50, 52 are in fig. 2 connected to theenergy storage 60 which delivers electrical power to the electrical machines50, 52 or receives electrical power from the electrical machines 50, 52 whenthe electrical machines 50, 52 generate brake torque on the input shaft 18.
    The main gearbox device 14 comprises operating main gear sleeves 62a, 62b,which are equipped internally with splines 42. Each main gear sleeve 62a, 62bis displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the maingearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d placed on the main shaft 20.The main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d are free to rotate inrelation to the main shaft 20 when the main gear sleeves 62a, 62b disengagethe main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d from the main shaft20. Each main gearwheel 30a-30c, placed on the main shaft 20, is engagedwith corresponding gearwheel elements 32a-32c, which are fixed to the lay 11 shaft 22. On shifting, the operating main gear s|eeve 62a, 62b is displaced ax-ially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order to engage withsplines 42 arranged on a selectable main gearwheel 30a-30c and the splitgearwheel 30d in order to connect the gearwheel 30a-30c and the split gear-wheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft 20. Alternatively, the axial-ly displaceable main gear s|eeves 62a, 62b may also be brought into engage-ment with the main gearwheeis 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d by means of synchronization means (not disclosed).
    The split gear box device 12 comprises an axially displaceable split gears|eeve 64, which is equipped internally with splines 42. The axially displacea-ble split gear s|eeve 64 is displaced axially in order to be brought into en-gagement with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d, placed onthe input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective. The gearwheeis 30d, 30eare free to rotate in relation to the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 whenthe axially displaceable split gear s|eeve 64 disengages the gearwheeis 30d,30e from the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective. However, for thegearwheel 30d to be free to rotate in relation to the main shaft 20 also the axi-ally displaceable main gear s|eeve 62b must disengage the gearwheel 30dfrom the main shaft 20. The gearwheeis 30d, 30e, placed on the input shaft 18and the main shaft 20, are engaged with corresponding gean/vheel elements32d, 32e, which are fixed to the lay shaft 22. On shifting, the axially displacea-ble split gear s|eeve 64 is displaced axially from a disengaged position to anengaged position in order to engage with splines 42 arranged on a selectablegearwheel 30d, 30e in order to connect the input gearwheel 30e split gear-wheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20,respective. Alternatively, the axially displaceable split gear s|eeve 64 may alsobe brought into engagement with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gear-wheel 30d by means of a synchronization arrangement (not disclosed). How-ever, preferably the electrical machines 50, 52, the internal combustion engine4 and the brake mechanism 58 connected to the lay shaft 22 are used to syn- chronize the gearbox 6 when shifting gears. The axially displaceable main 12 gear sleeve 62b may also be used to be brought into engagement with the splitgear wheel 30d when the split gear wheel 30d is engaged with the input shaft18 by means of the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64. Thus, a directconnection between the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 is achieved, wherein the gear ratio in the split and main gearbox devices is 1:1.
    The range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear 66 whichhas a low and a high gear, so that the shifting capability of the gearbox 6 canbe divided into a low range gear position and a high range gear position. ln afirst gear position corresponding to the low range gear position a downshifttakes place in the second planetary gear 66. ln the high range gear positionthe gear ratio is 1:1 in the second planetary gear 66. Fig. 2 shows the rangegearbox device 16 in the first gear position, corresponding to the low range gear position.
    The range gearbox device 16 is accommodated in a gearbox housing 68,which surrounds the gearbox 6, and is connected to the main shaft 20 of themain gearbox device 14. The second planetary gear 66 comprises three maincomponents which are rotatable arranged in relation to each other, namely asecond sun gearwheel 70, a second planet carrier 72 and a second ring gear-wheel 74. A number of second planet gearwheels 78 are rotatable arranged onthe second planet carrier 72. With knowledge of the number of teeth 76 ofsecond sun gearwheel 70 and the second ring gearwheel 74, the relative gearratio of the three components can be determined. The second sun gearwheel70 is connected to the main shaft 20, which extends out of the main gearboxdevice 14. The second planet gearwheels 78 engage the second sun gear-wheel 70. The second ring gearwheel 74 surrounds and engages the secondplanet gearwheels 78.
    A third coupling element 80 comprising a third axially displaceable couplingsleeve 82 is arranged to connect and disconnect the second planet carrier 72 13 to and from an output shaft 84 of the range gearbox device 16. The outputshaft 84 is coupled to the propeller shaft 10 of the vehicle 1.
    A fourth coupling element 86 comprising a fourth axially displaceable couplingsleeve 88 is in a first gear position arranged to connect the gearbox housing68 with the second ring gearwheel 74 and in a second gear position arrangedto disconnect the gearbox housing 68 from the second ring gearwheel 74. Thefourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in the first gear position ar-ranged to disconnect the second sun gearwheel 70 from the second planetcarrier 72. The fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in a secondgear position arranged to connect the second sun gearwheel 70 to the secondplanet carrier 72.
    The third axially displaceable coupling sleeve 82 is on an inner surface provid-ed with splines 42 which are arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72 and the output shaft 84. The cor-responding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72 are formed onthe periphery of a third sprocket 90 which is mounted on the second planetcarrier 72. The corresponding splines 42 provided on the output shaft 84 areformed on the periphery of a fourth sprocket 92 which is mounted on the out-put shaft 84.
    The fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is on an inner surface pro-vided with splines 42 arranged to interact with the corresponding splines 42arranged on the second ring gearwheel 74 and on the periphery of a projection94 which is fixedly connected to the gearbox housing 68. The splines 42 on thefourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 are also arranged to cooperatewith corresponding splines 42 arranged on the periphery of a first sprocket 96which is mounted on the main shaft 20 of the second sun gearwheel 70, whichis connected to the main shaft 20 in the main gearbox device 14. 14 The splines 42 on the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 are alsoarranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the secondplanet carrier 72. Corresponding splines 42 disposed on the second planetcarrier 72 are made on the periphery of a second sprocket 98 which is mount- ed on the second planet carrier 72.
    The low gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing thefourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second ring gear-wheel 74 is connected to the projection 94 of the gearbox housing 68. Thehigh gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing the fourthaxially displaceable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second sun gearwheel 70is connected to the second planet carrier 72.
    The axial displacement of the second, third and fourth axially displaceablecoupling sleeves 56, 82, 88 are provided by power means (not shown), corre-sponding to the power means 48 in connection to the first axially displaceable coupling sleeve 40.
    Preferably, the first, second, third and fourth axially displaceable couplingsleeves 40, 56, 82, 88 each has a low weight, which means that there is aneed of low energy and force to displace the respective coupling sleeves 40,56, 82, 88 when shifting gears. This allows a quick gear shifting between thedifferent gear positions in the range gearbox device 16.
    Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox 6 according tothe invention, which gearbox 6 provided with an input shaft 18; and an outputshaft 84, which is connected to a propeller shaft 10; a first planetary gear 24,with first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36, which is connected to theinput shaft 18; a first and second electrical machine 50, 52 arranged to rotateand brake the first planetary gear 24; and rotatable torque transmitting ele-ments 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 arranged in the gearbox 6, which are connectableto the input shaft 18 and to the output shaft 84.
    The method comprises the steps of: a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components 26, 28, 34,36 in the first planetary gear 24 and engage at least two of the planetary gearcomponents 26, 28, 34, 36 to each other by means of a first coupling element38, b) generate torque balance between gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 anddisengage the gearbox 6 from the propeller shaft 10 by means of a third cou-pling element 80, c) deoeierate the input shaft t8 and the torque transmitting elements 20, 22,70, 72, 74, 78 connected to the input shaft 18 to a etandstiii condition, d) shift at ieast one gear in the gearbox 6, and e) engage the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third cou-pling element 80.
    This means that a method for gear shifting in a gearbox 6 is achieved, whichmakes it possible to shift gears with the use of a small amount of energy. Also,the method makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox 6 within a short periodof time. When the input shaft t8 and the torque transmitting eientents 20, 22,70, 72, 74, 78 connected to the input shaft 18 to a standstiii condition, the shift»ing ot gears in the gearbox 6 oan be performed using a small amount of ener-gy. Aieo, shifting gears oan be :nade within a short period of time when all therotatable components in the gearbox 6 are in a standstiii condition. The torquetransmitting eiernente 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the inputehait t8 are according to an enibodirrtent ot the invention a iay shaft 22, aniain shaft 20 and geanivheeis arranged on these shafts. Aiso, the rotatabiecomponents in a range gearbox device to are torque transmitting eiernente 20,22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft to. iiowever, thetorque transmitting eiements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18 depende on the type oi gearbox 6 used in the powertrain 2.
    Preferably, the first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 of the first plane-tary gear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and 16 a first planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotat-able mounted, which first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18.
    When engaging the at least two planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 toeach other by means of the first coupling element 38 the torque passesthrough the first planet carrier 34, which means that the sun gearwheel 28 and the planet gearwheels 36 are not affected by the torque.
    Preferably, the first electrical machine 50 is arranged on the first sun gear-wheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged on the first ringgearwheel 26. When arranging the first electrical machine 50 on the sameshaft as the first sun gearwheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 onthe first ring gearwheel 26 the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 maybe activated in pairs or individually. They may also supply electrical power toeach other.
    Preferably, in step a) the speed is synchronized between the first sun gear-wheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34. The speed is preferably synchronizedby means of the first and/or second electrical machine 50, 52.
    Preferably, in step a) the at least two of the planetary gear components en-gaged to each other by means of the first coupling element 38 are the first sungearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34. When engaging the at least twoplanetary gear components to each other by means of the first coupling ele-ment 38 the torque passes through the first planet carrier 34, which means thatthe first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet gean/vheels 36 are not affected by the torque.
    Preferably, a range gearbox device 16 is arranged between the input shaft 18and the output shaft 84. 17 Preferably, the range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear66 with a second ring gean/vheel 74, a second sun gearwheel 70 and a secondplanet carrier 72, on which at least one second planet gearwheel is rotatablemounted, which second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to a main shaft 20 inthe gearbox 6. Using a range gearbox device 16 comprising a second plane-tary gear 66 the number of possible gear steps in the gearbox 6 are increased or duplicated.
    Preferably, the second planet carrier 72 is connected to the output shaft 84 bymeans of the third coupling element 80. When the second planet carrier 72 is disengaged from the output shaft 84 the components in the gearbox 6 may becontrolled without the influence of the propeller shaft 10.
    Preferably, after step a) and before step c), the further step f) generate torquebalance between the first planetary gear 24 and an internal combustion engine4 connected to the first planetary gear 24, and disengage the internal combus-tion engine 4 from the first planetary gear 24 by means of a second couplingelement 54.
    Preferably, in a first embodiment, the method comprises the step e) accelerat-ing the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 in order to synchronizethe speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetarygear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetarygear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54.
    When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox 6 the input shaft "i8 and the mainshaft 2G in the gearbox 6 are aooeierated ironi the standstiii oondition, so thatthe the first planetary gear 24 reaohes the same speed as the speed of theinternai ooinbtistion engine 4. When the the first planetary gear 24 hasreached the same speed as the soeed of the internai combustion engine 4, thethe first planetary gear 24 and the interna! combustion engine 4 are connected.Using one or both of the eieotrioai rriachines 50, 52 in order to synchronize the 18 speed of the first planetary gear 24 and the interriai combustion engine 4 shifting gears oan be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
    Further, according to the first embodiment, the method preferably comprisesthe step of: g) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 and/or theinternal combustion engine 4 to synchronize the speed between the gearbox 6and the propeller shaft 10 and engaging the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft10 by means of the third coupling element 80.
    Using one or both of the eieotrioai rnaohines 50, 52 and/or the internet oom~bustiori engine 4 in order to synchronize betiiveen the gearbox 6 and the pro»peiier shatt ti) shiiting gears oan be rnade within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
    Preferably, in a second embodiment, the method comprises instep e) control-ling the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 to synchronize thespeed between the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 and engaging thegearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element80.
    When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox 6 the input shaft to and the rnairishatt 20 in the gearbox 6 are aooeierated from the standstiii condition, so thatthe gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 reaohes the sarne speed. When thegearbox 6 has reached the same speed as the speed of the propeller shaft 10,the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 are connected. Using one or both ofthe eieetrioai rriaohines 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed of the gear-box 6 and the propeller shaft 10 shitting gears can be rnade within a short pe- riod of time using a small amount of energy. 19 Further, according to the first embodiment, the method preferably comprisesthe step of: g) adjusting the speed of the internal combustion engine 4 in order to synchro-nize the speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first plane-tary gear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the firstplanetary gear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54.
    Using the internal combustion engine 4 in order to synchronize the speed be-tween the first planetary gear 24 and the internal coiribustion engine 4 shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of ener- QY- Preferably, in a third embodiment, the method comprises in step e) accelerat-ing the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 in order to synchronizethe speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetarygear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetarygear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54 and the gearbox 6 andthe propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80 at essentially the same time.
    This embodiment may be performed only if the internal combustion engine 4has reached a speed which corresponds to the speed of the first planetarygear 24 when the gearbox 6 has the same speed as the propeller shaft 10.Such connection of the one hand the internal combustion engine 4 and the firstplanetary gear 24 and the other hand the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
    The invention also relates to a computer programme P and a computer pro-gramme product for performing the method steps. The computer program Pcontrols the gear shifting in the gearbox 6, wherein said computer program Pcomprises program code for making an electronic control unit 100 or a com-puter 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100 to performing the meth- od steps according to the invention as mentioned herein, when said computerprogramme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 con-nected to the electronic control unit 100.
    Position detectors 106 arranged in the gearbox 6 are connected to the controlunit 100. The position detectors 106 provide the control unit 100 with infor-mation about the axial position of respective axial displaceable couplingsleeves 40, 56, 82, 88.
    The computer programme product comprises a program code stored on a, byan electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electroniccontrol unit 100 readable, media for performing the method steps according tothe invention as mentioned herein, when said computer programme P is runon the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electron-ic control unit 100. Alternatively, the computer programme product is directlystorable in an internal memory l/I into the electronic control unit 100 or a com-puter 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100, comprising a computerprogramme P for performing the method steps according to the invention,when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100.
    The components and features specified above may within the framework of theinvention be combined between the different embodiments specified.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1] 1. A method for gear shifting in a gearbox (6) comprising an input shaft (18)and an output shaft (84), which is connected to a propeller shaft (10); a first p|anetary gear (24), with first p|anetary gear components (26, 28, 34,36), which is connected to the input shaft (18); a first and second electrical machine (50, 52) arranged to rotate and brake thefirst p|anetary gear (24); and rotatable torque transmitting elements (20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78) arranged in thegearbox (6), which are connectable to the input shaft (18) and to the outputshaft (84); characterised in the following steps of: a) synchronize the speed between the p|anetary gear components (26, 28, 34,36) in the first p|anetary gear (24) and engage at least two of the p|anetarygear components (26, 28, 34, 36) to each other by means of a first couplingelement (38), b) generate torque balance between the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft(10) and disengage the gearbox (6) from the propeller shaft (10) by means of athird coupling element (80), c) deceierate the input shaft (18) and the torque transmitting elements (20, 22,70, 72, 74, 78) connected to the input shaft (18) to a standstili condition, d) shift at least one gear in the gearbox (6), and e) engage the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80).
    [2] 2. The method of claim 1, characterised in that the first p|anetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) ofthe first p|anetary gear (24) comprises a first ring gearwheel (26), a first sungearwheel (28) and a first planet carrier (34), on which at least one first planetgearwheel (36) is rotatable mounted, which first planet carrier (34) is connect-ed to the input shaft (18). 22
    [3] 3. The method of claim 2, characterised in that the first electrical machine(50) is arranged on the first sun gearwheel (28) and the second electrical ma-chine (52) is arranged on the first ring gearwheel (26).
    [4] 4. The method according to any of claims 2 and 3,characterised in that in step a) the speed is synchronized between the firstsun gearwheel (28) and the first planet carrier (34).
    [5] 5. The method according to any of claims 2 - 4,characterised in that in step a) the at least two of the planetary gear compo-nents (26, 28, 34, 36) engaged to each other by means of the first coupling element (38) are the first sun gean/vheel (28) and the first planet carrier (34).
    [6] 6. The method of any of the preceding claims,characterised in that a range gearbox device (16) is arranged between theinput shaft (18) and the output shaft (84).
    [7] 7. The method of claim 6, characterised in that the range gearbox device (16) comprises a secondplanetary gear (66) with a second ring gearwheel (74), a second sun gear-wheel (70) and a second planet carrier (72), on which at least one secondplanet gearwheel (78) is rotatable mounted, which second sun gearwheel (70)is connected to a main shaft (20) in the gearbox (6).
    [8] 8. The method of claim 7, characterised in that the second planet carrier (72)is connected to the output shaft (84) by means of the third coupling element(80).
    [9] 9. The method of any of the preceding claims,characterised in that after step a) and before step b), the further step f) gen-erate torque balance between the first planetary gear (24) and an internal 23 combustion engine (4) connected to the first planetary gear (24), and disen-gage the internal combustion engine (4) from the first planetary gear (24) bymeans of a second coupling element (54).
    [10] 10. The method of c|aim 9, characterised in that in step e) accelerating the first and/or the second elec-trical machine (50, 52) in order to synchronize the speed between the internalcombustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) and engaging the inter-nal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) by means of thesecond coupling element (54). (Kommentar: utföringsform 7.a.i. i underlaget till uppfinningen)
    [11] 11. The method of c|aim 10, characterised in the further step of: g) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine (50, 52) and/or theinternal combustion engine (4) to synchronize the speed between the gearbox(6) and the propeller shaft (10) and engaging the gearbox (6) and the propellershaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80). (Kommentar: fortsättning pà utföringsform 7.a.i. /underlaget till uppfinningen)
    [12] 12. The method of any of the claims 1 - 9, characterised in that in step e) controlling the first and/or the second electricalmachine (50, 52) to synchronize the speed between the gearbox (6) and thepropeller shaft (10) and engaging the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (1 O)by means of the third coupling element (80). (Kommentar: utföringsform 7.a.ii. i underlaget till uppfinningen)
    [13] 13. The method of claims 9 and 12, characterised in the further steps of: g) adjusting the speed of the internal combustion engine (4) in order to syn-chronize the speed between the internal combustion engine (4) and the firstplanetary gear (24) and engaging the internal combustion engine (4) and thefirst planetary gear (24) by means of the second coupling element (54).(Kommentar: fortsättning pà utföringsform 7.a.ii. iunder/aget till uppfinningen) 24
    [14] 14. The method of claim 9, characterised in that in step e) accelerating the first and/or the second elec-trical machine (50, 52) in order to synchronize the speed between the internalcombustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) and engaging the inter-nal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) by means of thesecond coupling element (54) and the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10)by means of the third coupling element (80) at essentially the same time.(Kommentar: utföringsform 7.b. i underlaget till uppfinningen)
    [15] 15. Gearbox (6) comprising an input shaft (18) and an output shaft (84), char-acterised in that the gearbox (6) is controlled according to the method of any of the claims 1 - 14.
    [16] 16. Vehicle (1) comprising a gearbox (6) provided with an input shaft (18) andan output shaft (84) and a first and a second electrical machine (50, 52) ar-ranged on the input shaft (18), characterised in that the gearbox (6) is con-trolled according to the method of any of the claims 1 - 14.
    [17] 17. A computer program (P) for controlling the gear shifting in a gearbox (6),wherein said computer program (P) comprises program code for making anelectronic control unit (100) or another computer (104) connected to the elec-tronic control unit (100) to performing the steps according to any of the claims1 -14.
    [18] 18. A computer program product comprising a program code stored on a me-dia readably by a computer (104) for performing the method steps according toany of the claims 1 - 14, when said program code runs on an electronic controlunit (100) or another computer (104) connected to the electronic control unit(100).
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    同族专利:
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    DE112016005065T5|2018-07-12|
    SE540246C2|2018-05-15|
    引用文献:
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    DE102008001650A1|2008-05-08|2009-11-12|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Drive strand arrangement for vehicle i.e. commercial motor vehicle, has auxiliary transmission arranged downstream to main gear and coupled with mechanism i.e. electric machine, for applying support moment on mechanism|
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    SE1350393A1|2013-03-27|2014-09-28|Scania Cv Ab|Gearbox, vehicles with such gearbox, method for controlling such gearbox, computer program for controlling such gearbox, and a computer software product comprising program code|
    SE540692C2|2014-03-20|2018-10-09|Scania Cv Ab|A method for controlling a hybrid driver, vehicles with such a hybrid driver, computer programs for controlling such a hybrid driver, and a computer software product comprising program code|
    SE538737C2|2014-03-20|2016-11-08|Scania Cv Ab|A method for controlling a hybrid driver, vehicles with such a hybrid driver, a computer program for controlling a hybrid driver, and a computer software product comprising program code|SE543783C2|2019-11-13|2021-07-20|Scania Cv Ab|A method for driving at least one power consumer connected to a powertrain|
    DE102020104791A1|2020-02-24|2021-08-26|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Gear assembly and drive unit|
    法律状态:
    2021-08-03| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1551562A|SE540246C2|2015-12-01|2015-12-01|A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle|SE1551562A| SE540246C2|2015-12-01|2015-12-01|A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle|
    DE112016005065.8T| DE112016005065T5|2015-12-01|2016-11-11|Method for gear shifting in a transmission, a transmission and a vehicle|
    PCT/SE2016/051108| WO2017095296A1|2015-12-01|2016-11-11|A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle|
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